Crohn's disease is one of many Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), and causes inflammation in the deep layers of the intestinal wall that can recur throughout your life. However, there are long periods of remission where you will experience no symptoms at all.

Crohn's disease most often effects the ileum of the small intestine, but can occur in the large and small intestines, the mouth, esophagus, stomach, appendix and anus. Symptoms

The symptoms of Crohn's disease include:

" abdominal pain
" diarrhea
" sporadic fevers
" weight loss
" rectal bleeding that can lead to anemia

The cause of Crohn's disease is not known, but research is ongoing, and experts have learned that Crohn's is the result of an attack of either a virus or a bacteria that comes as an assault to your immune system.

It's this attack on your immune system that brings on the inflammation in the intestines. However, it is not yet clear whether the trouble with your immune system is caused by Crohn's, or is the Crohn's the result of the attack on your immune system?

Who is at risk?

Crohn's disease effects men and women, adults and children. Children with this disease show signs of stunted growth and deferred sexual development. According to recent research, almost 20% of Crohn's patients have an immediate family member (mom, dad, brother or sister) who also has the condition. Most women who suffer from Crohn's disease are told to consult a doctor before having a baby so that they can be monitored to ensure the health of both mother and child.

One of the questions your doctor will likely ask if you are dealing with Crohn's symptoms is about your family history. Afterwards, you'll undergo a series of examinations such as:

" Blood work will check white and red blood cell counts. An unusually low red blood cells count suggests anemia. On the other hand, a high white count is a sign that the body is trying to fight a disease or inflammation.

" A fecal exam looks for any signs of blood, parasites or bacteria.

" An endoscopy lets doctors' view the rectum and colon using a lighted tube inserted in the anus and fed up into the colon. This provides a good view of the intestine and the rectal linings.

" Upper and Lower GI series may be ordered, coupled with an x-ray after a barium enema. Barium is a chalky solution that fills the intestines and appears white, highlighting the lining of the intestines. This makes it easier for doctors to see any inflammation, thickening of intestinal walls, abnormalities or blockages.

Once you've gotten a firm diagnosis of Crohn's disease, you'll likely have regular blood tests to check for anemia, and need to keep careful watch for symptoms of a flare up. While there is no cure for Crohn's today, there are prescription medications that can provide relief from the many symptoms.

If you suspect you have Crohn's disease, you should first consult your primary care physician before taking other steps. Careful diagnosis and monitoring are the key to living comfortably with Crohn's.